E2 Questions
55 questions in this subelement. Click any question ID for more details.
Answer: D
Which of the following is characteristic of an inverting linear transponder?
ADoppler shift is reduced because the uplink and downlink shifts are in opposite directions
BSignal position in the band is reversed
CUpper sideband on the uplink becomes lower sideband on the downlink, and vice versa
DAll these choices are correct
Answer: D
How is an upload signal processed by an inverting linear transponder?
AThe signal is detected and remodulated on the reverse sideband
BThe signal is passed through a nonlinear filter
CThe signal is reduced to I and Q components, and the Q component is filtered out
DThe signal is mixed with a local oscillator signal and the difference product is transmitted
Answer: B
What is meant by the “mode” of an amateur radio satellite?
AWhether the satellite is in a low earth or geostationary orbit
BThe satellite’s uplink and downlink frequency bands
CThe satellite’s orientation with respect to the Earth
DWhether the satellite is in a polar or equatorial orbit
Answer: D
What do the letters in a satellite’s mode designator specify?
APower limits for uplink and downlink transmissions
BThe location of the ground control station
CThe polarization of uplink and downlink signals
DThe uplink and downlink frequency ranges
Answer: A
What are Keplerian elements?
AParameters that define the orbit of a satellite
BPhase reversing elements in a Yagi antenna
CHigh-emission heater filaments used in magnetron tubes
DEncrypting codes used for spread spectrum modulation
Answer: D
Which of the following types of signals can be relayed through a linear transponder?
AFM and CW
BSSB and SSTV
CPSK and packet
DAll these choices are correct
Answer: B
Why should effective radiated power (ERP) be limited to a satellite that uses a linear transponder?
ATo prevent creating errors in the satellite telemetry
BTo avoid reducing the downlink power to all other users
CTo prevent the satellite from emitting out-of-band signals
DTo avoid interfering with terrestrial QSOs
Answer: A
What do the terms “L band” and “S band” specify?
AThe 23- and 13-centimeter bands
BThe 2-meter and 70-centimeter bands
CFM and digital store-and-forward systems
DWhich sideband to use
Answer: B
What type of satellite appears to stay in one position in the sky?
AHEO
BGeostationary
CGeomagnetic
DLEO
Answer: B
What type of antenna can be used to minimize the effects of spin modulation and Faraday rotation?
AA linearly polarized antenna
BA circularly polarized antenna
CAn isotropic antenna
DA log-periodic dipole array
Answer: C
What is the purpose of digital store-and-forward functions on an amateur radio satellite?
ATo upload operational software for the transponder
BTo delay download of telemetry between satellites
CTo hold digital messages in the satellite for later download
DTo relay messages between satellites
Answer: D
How is an interlaced scanning pattern generated in a fast-scan (NTSC) television system?
ABy scanning two fields simultaneously
BBy scanning each field from bottom-to-top
CBy scanning lines from left-to-right in one field and right-to-left in the next
DBy scanning odd-numbered lines in one field and even-numbered lines in the next
Answer: A
How is color information sent in analog SSTV?
AColor lines are sent sequentially
BColor information is sent on a 2.8 kHz subcarrier
CColor is sent in a color burst at the end of each line
DColor is amplitude modulated on the frequency modulated intensity signal
Answer: C
Which of the following describes the use of vestigial sideband in analog fast-scan TV transmissions?
AThe vestigial sideband carries the audio information
BThe vestigial sideband contains chroma information
CVestigial sideband reduces the bandwidth while increasing the fidelity of low frequency video components
DVestigial sideband provides high frequency emphasis to sharpen the picture
Answer: A
What is vestigial sideband modulation?
AAmplitude modulation in which one complete sideband and a portion of the other are transmitted
BA type of modulation in which one sideband is inverted
CNarrow-band FM modulation achieved by filtering one sideband from the audio before frequency modulating the carrier
DSpread spectrum modulation achieved by applying FM modulation following single sideband amplitude modulation
Answer: B
Which types of modulation are used for amateur television DVB-T signals?
AFM and FSK
BQAM and QPSK
CAM and OOK
DAll these choices are correct
Answer: A
What technique allows commercial analog TV receivers to be used for fast-scan TV operations on the 70- centimeter band?
ATransmitting on channels shared with cable TV
BUsing converted satellite TV dishes
CTransmitting on the abandoned TV channel 2
DUsing USB and demodulating the signal with a computer sound card
Answer: D
What kind of receiver can be used to receive and decode SSTV using the Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM) protocol?
ACDMA
BAREDN
CAM
DSSB
Answer: A
What aspect of an analog slow-scan television signal encodes the brightness of the picture?
ATone frequency
BTone amplitude
CSync amplitude
DSync frequency
Answer: B
What is the function of the vertical interval signaling (VIS) code sent as part of an SSTV transmission?
ATo lock the color burst oscillator in color SSTV images
BTo identify the SSTV mode being used
CTo provide vertical synchronization
DTo identify the call sign of the station transmitting
Answer: A
What signals SSTV receiving software to begin a new picture line?
ASpecific tone frequencies
BElapsed time
CSpecific tone amplitudes
DA two-tone signal
Answer: C
Which of the following file formats is used for exchanging amateur radio log data?
ANEC
BARLD
CADIF
DOCF
Answer: A
From which of the following bands is amateur radio contesting generally excluded?
A30 meters
B6 meters
C70 centimeters
D33 centimeters
Answer: B
Which of the following frequencies can be used for amateur radio mesh networks?
AHF frequencies where digital communications are permitted
BFrequencies shared with various unlicensed wireless data services
CCable TV channels 41-43
DThe 60-meter band channel centered on 5373 kHz
Answer: B
What is the function of a DX QSL Manager?
AAllocate frequencies for DXpeditions
BHandle the receiving and sending of confirmations for a DX station
CRun a net to allow many stations to contact a rare DX station
DCommunicate to a DXpedition about propagation, band openings, pileup conditions, etc.
Answer: C
During a VHF/UHF contest, in which band segment would you expect to find the highest level of SSB or CW activity?
AAt the top of each band, usually in a segment reserved for contests
BIn the middle of each band, usually on the national calling frequency
CIn the weak signal segment of the band, with most of the activity near the calling frequency
DIn the middle of the band, usually 25 kHz above the national calling frequency
Answer: A
What is the Cabrillo format?
AA standard for submission of electronic contest logs
BA method of exchanging information during a contest QSO
CThe most common set of contest rules
DA digital protocol specifically designed for rapid contest exchanges
Answer: D
Which of the following contacts may be confirmed through the Logbook of The World (LoTW)?
ASpecial event contacts between stations in the US
BContacts between a US station and a non-US station
CContacts for Worked All States credit
DAll these choices are correct
Answer: C
What type of equipment is commonly used to implement an amateur radio mesh network?
AA 2-meter VHF transceiver with a 1,200-baud modem
BA computer running EchoLink to provide interface from the radio to the internet
CA wireless router running custom firmware
DA 440 MHz transceiver with a 9,600-baud modem
Answer: D
Why do DX stations often transmit and receive on different frequencies?
ABecause the DX station may be transmitting on a frequency that is prohibited to some responding stations
BTo separate the calling stations from the DX station
CTo improve operating efficiency by reducing interference
DAll these choices are correct
Answer: A
How should you generally identify your station when attempting to contact a DX station during a contest or in a pileup?
ASend your full call sign once or twice
BSend only the last two letters of your call sign until you make contact
CSend your full call sign and grid square
DSend the call sign of the DX station three times, the words “this is,” then your call sign three times
Answer: C
What indicates the delay between a control operator action and the corresponding change in the transmitted signal?
AJitter
BHang time
CLatency
DAnti-VOX
Answer: D
What information replaces signal-to-noise ratio when using the FT8 or FT4 modes in a VHF contest?
ARST report
BState abbreviation
CSerial number
DGrid square
Answer: D
Which of the following digital modes is designed for EME communications?
AMSK144
BPACTOR III
CWSPR
DQ65
Answer: C
What technology is used for real-time tracking of balloons carrying amateur radio transmitters?
AFT8
BBandwidth compressed LORAN
CAPRS
DPACTOR III
Answer: B
What is the characteristic of the JT65 mode?
AUses only a 65 Hz bandwidth
BDecodes signals with a very low signal-to-noise ratio
CSymbol rate is 65 baud
DPermits fast-scan TV transmissions over narrow bandwidth
Answer: A
Which of the following is a method for establishing EME contacts?
ATime-synchronous transmissions alternating between stations
BStoring and forwarding digital messages
CJudging optimum transmission times by monitoring beacons reflected from the moon
DHigh-speed CW identification to avoid fading
Answer: C
What type of packet frame is used to transmit APRS beacon data?
AAcknowledgement
BBurst
CUnnumbered Information
DConnect
Answer: C
What does the packet path WIDE3-1 designate?
AThree stations are allowed on frequency, one transmitting at a time
BThree subcarriers are permitted, subcarrier one is being used
CThree digipeater hops are requested with one remaining
DThree internet gateway stations may receive one transmission
Answer: D
How do APRS stations relay data?
ABy packet ACK/NAK relay
BBy C4FM repeaters
CBy DMR repeaters
DBy packet digipeaters
Answer: B
Which of the following synchronizes WSJT-X digital mode transmit/receive timing?
AAlignment of frequency shifts
BSynchronization of computer clocks
CSync-field transmission
DSync-pulse timing
Answer: B
To what does the "4" in FT4 refer?
AMultiples of 4 bits of user information
BFour-tone continuous-phase frequency shift keying
CFour transmit/receive cycles per minute
DAll these choices are correct
Answer: D
Which of the following is characteristic of the FST4 mode?
AFour-tone Gaussian frequency shift keying
BVariable transmit/receive periods
CSeven different tone spacings
DAll these choices are correct
Answer: A
Which of these digital modes does not support keyboard-to-keyboard operation?
AWSPR
BRTTY
CPSK31
DMFSK16
Answer: C
What is the length of an FT8 transmission cycle?
AIt varies with the amount of data
B8 seconds
C15 seconds
D30 seconds
Answer: C
How does Q65 differ from JT65?
AKeyboard-to keyboard operation is supported
BQuadrature modulation is used
CMultiple receive cycles are averaged
DAll these choices are correct
Answer: B
Which of the following HF digital modes can be used to transfer binary files?
APSK31
BPACTOR
CRTTY
DAMTOR
Answer: D
Which of the following HF digital modes uses variable-length character coding?
ARTTY
BPACTOR
CMT63
DPSK31
Answer: C
Which of these digital modes has the narrowest bandwidth?
AMFSK16
B170 Hz shift, 45-baud RTTY
CFT8
DPACTOR IV
Answer: A
What is the difference between direct FSK and audio FSK?
ADirect FSK modulates the transmitter VFO
BDirect FSK occupies less bandwidth
CDirect FSK can transmit higher baud rates
DAll these choices are correct
Answer: A
How do ALE stations establish contact?
AALE constantly scans a list of frequencies, activating the radio when the designated call sign is received
BALE radios monitor an internet site for the frequency they are being paged on
CALE radios send a constant tone code to establish a frequency for future use
DALE radios activate when they hear their signal echoed by back scatter
Answer: D
Which of these digital modes has the highest data throughput under clear communication conditions?
AMFSK16
B170 Hz shift, 45 baud RTTY
CFT8
DPACTOR IV