FCC Question Pool Review

Technician Class (Element 2) • 2022-2026

Switch License

Question T8C09

From subelement T8 - T8C

T8C09
Answer: D

Which of the following protocols enables an amateur station to transmit through a repeater without using a radio to initiate the transmission?

AIRLP
BD-STAR
CDMR
DEchoLink

Why is this correct?

EchoLink is correct because it allows you to connect to repeaters using computer software or smartphone apps, not requiring a radio to initiate transmission. IRLP requires a radio and DTMF tones for access. D-STAR and DMR are digital radio protocols that still require radio equipment to transmit through repeaters.

Memory tip

Look for the key phrase 'without using a radio to initiate.' This distinguishes internet-based access (EchoLink) from radio-dependent systems (IRLP, D-STAR, DMR). When protocols mention computer or smartphone connectivity, they typically bypass traditional radio transmission requirements.

Learn more

EchoLink's unique capability stems from its dual-access design: licensed operators can connect via internet applications while maintaining amateur radio frequency privileges through repeater nodes. This creates a hybrid system where voice over internet protocol facilitates global communication through local repeater infrastructure, expanding coverage beyond traditional radio frequency limitations while preserving amateur service protocols.

Think about it

Why do you think EchoLink requires call sign verification and license proof if it doesn't require a radio to access the system?